hearing: A proceeding before a court or other decision-making body or officer.
judge: An official who presides over a court and whose duties vary within different jurisdictions.
jurisdiction: In the law, this is the practical authority granted to a formally constituted legal body or political leader to deal with and make pronouncements on legal matters and, by implication, to administer justice within a defined area of responsibility.
jury: A sworn body of persons convened to render a rational, impartial verdict and a finding of fact on a legal question officially submitted to them; Also to set a penalty or judgment in a jury trial of a court of law.
jury trial: Also known as trial by jury, this is a legal proceeding in which a jury either makes a decision or makes findings that are then applied by a judge.